Topic outline
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Table of Contents
§ FIRST SEMESTER
1.
The research proposal in quantitative and qualitative research
2.
3.
4.
The problem
5.
Objectives of the study
6.
Hypotheses to be tested and propositions
7.
Study design
8.
The setting
9.
Measurement procedures
10.
Sampling
11.
Analysis of data
12.
Structure of the report
13.
Problems, limitations, Appendix and work schedule
§ SECOND SEMESTER
1.
Sections Unique to Research Report
2.
General rules to consider
3.
Format
3.1.
Abstract
3.2.
Results/ Findings
3.3.
Discussion
3.4.
Suggestion for further research
3.5.
References
3.6.
Footnotes
3.7.
Figures
3.8.
Tables
4.
A few comments about qualitative research reports
5.
An outline of a research report
6.
A sample project proposal
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A research proposal is a comprehensive plan outlining the objectives, methodologies, and rationale of a proposed study. It serves to demonstrate the validity and appropriateness of the research process, guiding supervisors and reviewers in assessing its feasibility. The structure remains consistent across disciplines, though specific requirements may vary.
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A research proposal is a comprehensive plan outlining the objectives, methodologies, and rationale of a proposed study. It serves to demonstrate the validity and appropriateness of the research process, guiding supervisors and reviewers in assessing its feasibility. The structure remains consistent across disciplines, though specific requirements may vary.
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The introduction of a research proposal provides a foundation for the study by contextualizing the topic within its broader academic and practical significance. It begins with a broad perspective, narrowing to the specific research problem, and incorporates insights from a literature review to highlight key issues, theories, and trends. This section also outlines the background, theoretical framework, and relevance of the study to justify its purpose and approach.
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The introduction of a research proposal provides a foundation for the study by contextualizing the topic within its broader academic and practical significance. It begins with a broad perspective, narrowing to the specific research problem, and incorporates insights from a literature review to highlight key issues, theories, and trends. This section also outlines the background, theoretical framework, and relevance of the study to justify its purpose and approach.
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A research problem identifies an issue or question that requires investigation, often drawn from literature, practice, or personal experiences. Researchable questions are specific, empirically testable, and guide the methodology. They differ from abstract or value-based queries, which lack observable data for answers.
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A research problem identifies an issue or question that requires investigation, often drawn from literature, practice, or personal experiences. Researchable questions are specific, empirically testable, and guide the methodology. They differ from abstract or value-based queries, which lack observable data for answers.
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Research objectives outline the goals of a study, including the main objective, which captures the core focus, and subobjectives, which detail specific aspects to investigate. They should be clear, precise, and action-oriented, using verbs such as "to determine" or "to explore." Properly formulated objectives guide the research design and methodology.
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Research objectives outline the goals of a study, including the main objective, which captures the core focus, and subobjectives, which detail specific aspects to investigate. They should be clear, precise, and action-oriented, using verbs such as "to determine" or "to explore." Properly formulated objectives guide the research design and methodology.
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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between variables or the outcome of a study. It can be directional (predicting a specific outcome) or non-directional (indicating a relationship without specifying its direction). In quantitative research, hypotheses guide data collection and analysis, while in qualitative research, propositions or emerging ideas often replace formal hypotheses. A good hypothesis is clear, testable, specific, and grounded in theory or prior research.
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A hypothesis is a testable prediction about the relationship between variables or the outcome of a study. It can be directional (predicting a specific outcome) or non-directional (indicating a relationship without specifying its direction). In quantitative research, hypotheses guide data collection and analysis, while in qualitative research, propositions or emerging ideas often replace formal hypotheses. A good hypothesis is clear, testable, specific, and grounded in theory or prior research.
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A research design is a detailed plan outlining how a study will be conducted to answer research questions accurately and reliably. It defines the study population, data collection methods, and ethical considerations, ensuring validity, objectivity, and clarity in the research process.
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A research design is a detailed plan outlining how a study will be conducted to answer research questions accurately and reliably. It defines the study population, data collection methods, and ethical considerations, ensuring validity, objectivity, and clarity in the research process.
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nonces